BARUS, POTRETKITA.net - The ancient city of Barus, now in the Central Tapanuli Regency area, is a meeting place for world classic cultures. There is a meeting of classical Islamic culture here, including the Minangkabau cultural hue.
In various literatures it is stated that one of the Minangkabau cultural features can be found in the Ibrahimsyah Grave Complex located in Hasang Combined Village.
The references quoted from pasarbarus.org in the article entitled Komplek Makam Ibrahimsyah: Islam-Nusantara Dialogue (Crude Fruits Trade) explained that the symptoms that appear on the tombstone of the Komplek Makam Ibrahimsyah are the acculturation of Hindu-Buddhist and Islamic cultures.
R.W. Oetomo (2018) mentions, one of the Hindu-Buddhist influences on the Islamic tomb in the Komplek Makam Ibrahimsyah can be found in the tombstones which are decorated with tree-of-life ornaments. The tree of life ornament, which originally came from the kalpataru concept in classical culture, is said to have shifted its meaning as a symbol of life after death (afterlife) which is believed by Muslims.
In another position, the lotus ornament on the Ibrahimsyah gravestone also shows the strong influence of ancient culture, where the lotus is often used as an asana (seat) for gods in Hinduism or Buddhism (Maulana, 1997).
Regarding the existence of this cultural meeting, it is no exaggeration if the Ibrahimsyah Tomb Complex has a Minangkabau cultural style as well. The reason can be explained in points that reflect the following line of thought:
1. The anomaly in the Komplek Makam Ibrahimsyah indicates the existence of elements that are "foreign" to Islamic culture in Barus.
The existence of the character "Sayyidah" can be interpreted as a form of manifestation of the matrilineal tradition in Minangkabau, which places women as leaders of a community (Munir, 2015).
2. The truth of the figure named Ibrahimsyah cannot be ascertained, whether it was indeed the person buried at the Ibrahimsyah Tomb Complex or not, because the headstone which is considered to be his gravestone does not have the name 'Ibrahimsyah' attached.
However, the mention of "Minangkabau" in the tradition in Barus, could be an indication of the influence of Minangkabau culture in the Ibrahimsyah Tomb Complex.
3. Regarding the emergence of Minangkabau culture in Barus, it can be related to the pluralism in the city which occurred because of the bustling port that produces camphor. Ery Soedewo (2011) stated that trading in Barus extended to the northern Minangkabau region, in this case the Pasaman area.
In conclusion; The Komplek Makam Ibrahimsyah is authentic evidence of cultural diffusion and exchange in Barus. This happened along with the hectic trade routes from the sea and land.
Elements of Islamic culture that come from across the ocean and Minangkabau culture from the interior of Sumatra, show that Barus has become the axis of intercultural interaction. Moreover, there is a fact that women also contribute to this phenomenon.
Other references say, as quoted from sumbartoday.net, Ibrahimsyah, who became king in the Barus Kingdom, came from Tarusan in the Minangkabau area in the 6th century AD. His descendants were Batak from the Pasaribu clan group, which eventually formed the dualism of leadership in Barus.
MAHLIGAI
Meanwhile, in an archaeological dig, Komplek Makam Mahligai was found, a historic graveyard of Syeh Rukunuddin and Syeh Usuluddin which marked the first entry of Islam to Indonesia in the 7th Century AD in Barus District.
This grave is approximately 7 meters long decorated with several distinctive and unique tombstones with Arabic inscriptions, which are dated 48 H and the Mahligai Tomb is a Religious Tourism Object for Muslims around the World which is located 75 Km from Sibolga and 359 Km from Kota Medan.
The first king who became a Muslim in the Barus Kingdom was Raja Kadir which was then passed on to his children who later had the title of Sultan. Raja Kadir is the successor to the kingdom that has ruled Barus for generations and is a descendant of Raja Alang Pardosi.
For the first time, he established his royal center in Toddang (Tundang), Tukka, Pakkat, also known as the land of Rambe, who migrated from Balige from the Pohan clan.(*)
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